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Investigadores de la Fundación Nacional de Ciencias documentaron una falla geológica recién descubierta bajo la Cordillera del Himalaya. Esta falla, de características excepcionales, podría tener la capacidad de fragmentar la estructura terrestre en dos mitades.
El fenómeno, detallado en el estudio"Desgarro y delaminación del manto litosférico indio durante la subducción de placas planas" , podría redefinir completamente los paradigmas actuales de la tectónica de placas. A diferencia de los movimientos verticales observados comúnmente, este desgarro se manifiesta horizontalmente, lo que sugiere un escenario de ruptura continental sin precedentes.
Nuestras funciones de receptor de ondas S en 3D revelan recientemente un desgarro o deformación perpendicular al orógeno de la placa india
"Nuestras FR de ondas S mapean objetivamente las profundidades hasta los límites distintos entre la litosfera y la astenosfera de la India y el Tíbet a lo largo de una región sustancial del sureste del Tíbet. El límite inferido entre las dos litosferas está corroborado por un mapeo más subjetivo de los cambios en los parámetros SWS, y por interpretaciones independientes de la sutura del manto a partir de patrones de desgasificación del manto y el límite norte de los terremotos sub-Moho", agrega la investigación.
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El geofísico Simon Klemperer, de la Universidad de Stanford, subraya que la falla podría ser la causa de un incremento en la actividad sísmica regional, con terremotos más intensos y frecuentes. El conocido rift de Cona Sangri, que se extiende a lo largo de la meseta asiática, señala un riesgo sustancialmente mayor para la placa india, afectando potencialmente a millones de personas.
"Dado que los continentes pueden comportarse de esta manera es una revelación absoluta", comentó Douwe van Hinsbergen, geodinámico de la Universidad de Utrecht.
El descubrimiento abre la puerta a nuevas interrogantes sobre la interacción continental bajo condiciones extremas de presión y temperatura, y sugiere una revisión profunda de los modelos tectónicos vigentes.
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