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La migraña, una de las enfermedades crónicas más comunes y discapacitantes a nivel global, ha generado enormes pérdidas económicas en América Latina. Un reciente estudio del Instituto WifOR, solicitado por FIFARMA (Federación Latinoamericana de la Industria Farmacéutica), ha analizado la carga socioeconómica de lamigraña y otras enfermedades crónicas en ocho países de la región. Los resultados revelan cifras alarmantes que subrayan la necesidad de abordar este problema de manera más efectiva, tanto desde el ámbito sanitario como el económico.
Según el estudio, la migraña afecta de manera significativa a las personas en edad productiva, especialmente entre los 15 y 49 años, siendo la segunda causa de discapacidad a nivel mundial en este grupo. Entre las mujeres, es la principal causa de discapacidad, y en promedio, quienes padecen de migraña pierden hasta 19,5 días de trabajo al año debido a esta enfermedad.
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El estudio señala que, para compensar las pérdidas económicas de los últimos cinco años causadas por la migraña, cada persona mayor de 15 años en Colombia tendría que trabajar ocho días adicionales por año. Esta cifra ilustra el impacto que la enfermedad tiene no solo en las personas directamente afectadas, sino también en la economía del país.
Además, en países como Colombia, Perú y Ecuador, donde más del 60 % de la población trabaja en el sector informal, el impacto de la migraña es aún mayor. Los trabajadores informales son los más afectados por la pérdida de productividad, ya que tienen menos acceso a redes de apoyo financiero y no pueden acceder a beneficios de desempleo durante sus periodos de ausencia laboral.
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Rodrigo Nascimento, director médico de Pfizer LATAM, resalta que la migraña, además de afectar el trabajo remunerado, también afecta las actividades no remuneradas como el cuidado del hogar, los hijos y el tiempo de ocio. Esto incrementa la carga emocional y física para quienes padecen de esta condición.
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