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La deficiencia de vitamina D aumenta el riesgo de contagio de COVID, según varios estudios científicos publicados recientemente.
De acuerdo con una de las investigaciones, publicada por ClinOwl , la deficiencia de esta vitamina, probablemente, explicaría la tasa de mortalidad alta en pacientes diabéticos, hipertensos y los adultos mayores.
“La vitamina D es pleiotrópica, media el metabolismo óseo, la homeostasis del calcio y las funciones inmunitarias, mientras que la deficiencia se asocia con reacciones inflamatorias y disfunción inmunitaria, lo que predispone a los individuos a infecciones graves”, dice el estudio.
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Por su parte, otra investigación, realizada por científicos de la Universidad de Chicago, y publicada en la revista científica JAMA, manifiesta que el tratamiento con vitamina D reduce la incidencia de infecciones virales del tracto respiratorio, especialmente en pacientes con deficiencia de este compuesto.
¿Los suplementos de vitamina D funcionan?
Pese a estos beneficios, tomar altas dosis de suplementos de vitamina D no ayuda a prevenir o tratar la COVID-19, según un reciente estudio internacional publicado en BMJ, Nutrition, Prevention and Health.
El estudio, realizado por científicos del Reino Unido, Europa y Estados Unidos, advierte contra las altas dosis de suplementos de vitamina D y subraya que no hay suficientes pruebas científicas que demuestren que esta vitamina puede ser beneficiosa para prevenir o tratar el coronavirus.
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La vitamina D es una hormona que se produce en la piel durante la exposición a la luz solar y ayuda a regular la cantidad de calcio y fosfato en el cuerpo necesarios para mantener los huesos, dientes y músculos sanos.
"Un nivel adecuado de vitamina D en el cuerpo es crucial para nuestra salud en general, muy poco puede llevar al raquitismo o al desarrollo de la osteoporosis, pero demasiado puede conducir a un aumento de los niveles de calcio en la sangre, lo que podría ser particularmente dañino", advierte la profesora Sue Lanham-New, jefa del Departamento de Ciencias de la Nutrición de la Universidad de Surrey y autora principal del estudio.
¿Qué alimentos son ricos en vitamina D?
Entre los alimentos que contienen vitamina D se encuentran los siguientes:
Pescados grasos como el salmón o el atún, también lo son el hígado de vaca, las yemas de huevo o el queso. Leche y otros lácteos y también cereales, zumos de naranja o bebidas a base de soja. También algunos hongos, por su exposición a la luz ultravioleta,
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