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El Tribunal Administrativo de Cundinamarca (TAC) ordenó al Estado colombiano garantizar el acceso equitativo y la adecuada difusión de la píldora del día después en todo el territorio nacional, con especial atención a las poblaciones en situación de vulnerabilidad. La decisión se dio tras fallar a favor de una acción popular presentada por una organización no gubernamental que denunció la falta de promoción de este método anticonceptivo de emergencia en varias regiones del país.
La providencia, con ponencia del magistrado Óscar Armando Dimaté Cárdenas, exige a los ministerios de Salud y Educación implementar estrategias eficaces para informar a la ciudadanía sobre la existencia, uso y acceso a la píldora del día después. Además, el fallo establece que las farmacéuticas deben mejorar la distribución del medicamento y eliminar las barreras que dificultan su adquisición.
El Tribunal advirtió que la falta de información y acceso oportuno genera profundas desigualdades que afectan el ejercicio pleno de los derechos fundamentales, en particular los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de las mujeres. Por ello, la orden judicial busca que el Estado adopte una política pública con enfoque diferencial, priorizando a mujeres rurales, integrantes de comunidades étnicas y habitantes de barrios periféricos o zonas de difícil acceso.
“La distribución de la píldora debe estar garantizada en centros de salud, hospitales y farmacias de todo el país”, señala el fallo. También se resalta la importancia de que las campañas de divulgación sean culturalmente apropiadas, es decir, que respeten las costumbres y necesidades de cada población.
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Asimismo, el tribunal instó a que los programas de educación sexual y reproductiva incluyan información clara y accesible sobre anticoncepción de emergencia. Esto, con el objetivo de garantizar que todas las mujeres, sin importar su ubicación geográfica o condición socioeconómica, puedan tomar decisiones libres e informadas sobre su salud sexual y reproductiva.
La decisión representa un nuevo llamado de atención al Estado colombiano sobre las brechas existentes en materia de salud reproductiva. Según el fallo, la garantía de estos derechos no puede depender del lugar de residencia ni del nivel educativo o económico de las mujeres, por lo que resulta urgente adoptar medidas concretas para cerrar esas desigualdades históricas.
Con este fallo, el TAC busca que la píldora del día después deje de ser un privilegio para algunas y se convierta en un derecho efectivo para todas.
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