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La ley 1380 de 2010, también conocida como la ley de insolvencia, se creó con el objetivo de ayudar a personas naturales que "le permita mediante un trámite de negociación de deudas en audiencia de conciliación extrajudicial", según explicó Función Pública. Y es que esta normativa permitió en 2023 que al menos 4.500 personas se vieran beneficiadas en su capacidad económica, de acuerdo a datos de Insolvencia Colombia e IFI Inteligencia Financiera.
La ley de insolvencia permite que más personas naturales mejoren sus funciones económicas que se han visto estancadas por deudas, que, según sus ingresos, son en algunos casos imposibles de pagar generando problemas ante centrales de riesgo; por ejemplos, el aumento del 44.1 % en 2022 demostró que muchos desean mejorar sus problemas.
En su momento, en diálogo con Casa Blu, la abogada María Eugenia Orozco explicó que esta ley es una herramienta que el Estado creó para recomponer la vida financiera de las personas que están en condición de indefensión. "Las personas van a poder ofrecer pagar sus deudas con la capacidad económica que tengan en ese momento. De esa manera puede recomponer y poder ofrecer esa cuota mensual para todos los acreedores", dijo.
Para acceder a este beneficio, se deben cumplir algunos requisitos: en primer lugar, las deudas deben ser con dos o más acreedores, sin importar si son entidades o personas naturales. Además, el deudor debe estar en cesación de pagos, lo que significa tener un retraso en el pago de las deudas por más de 90 días con al menos dos acreedores. También es posible acogerse a la ley si se tienen dos o más procesos judiciales en contra, siempre que estos representen al menos el 50 % del total de las deudas. Es importante tener en cuenta que esta información no constituye un consejo legal, por lo que se recomienda consultar con un abogado para obtener una evaluación personalizada de cada caso, según explicó Legal Aid, empresa dedicada a este tipo de temas.
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"La insolvencia técnica es cuando yo tengo más activos que pasivos, pero no tengo flujo de caja. La insolvencia quiebra es cuando yo tengo más pasivos que activos, pero no tengo nada, me echaron del trabajo y no tengo en este momento de donde más tomar para pagar las deudas", añadió Orozco en Blu Radio.
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